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Jonathan C. Smith, PhD
Professor of Psychology

Roosevelt University
Psychology / Arts and Sciences

Office Chicago Campus
Room 1263 (Auditorium Bldg.)
Phone (312) 341-3753
E-mail jsmith@roosevelt.edu
Click Above for Inventories and other materials for Psyc 373 (473)


STRESS INSTITUTE RESEARCH ASSISTANTS LIBRARY





PSYC 346/446 FINAL FOR GRADUATING SENIORS ONLY













THE SMITH INIVENTORY LIBRARY
THE SMITH INVENTORY SERIES IS FREE FOR PROFESSIONAL USE. ALL INVENTORIES ARE PROTECTED UNDER COPYRIGHT LAW AND PERMISSION FOR USE MUST BE GRANTED. INVENTORIES MUST NOT BE MODIFIED IN ANY WAY WITHOUT PERMISSION. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION MUST BE DISPLAYED ON ALL COPIED INVENTORIES AND RESULTING PUBLICATIONS. CLICK HERE FOR INVENTORY LIBRARY.




STRESS INSTITUTE RESEARCH ASSISTANTS CLICK HERE FOR MATERIALS





CLICK HERE FOR SYLLABUS FOR PSYC 789



RESEARCH PROJECTS
Dissertations
Publishable Collaborative Research Opportunities

(If you are interested in volunteering as a research assistant, or collaborating with Dr. Smith in any of these projects, please contact: jsmith@roosevelt.edu)


PRIORITY PROJECTS

The International Study on Stress, Relaxation, Meditation, and Mindfulness

In this study we are distributing a packet of stress and relaxation inventories to a large number of participants in order to amass a data pool for general use. (See this website for specific inventories.) In addition to basic demographics, we are assessing:
  • Religious / Spiritual affiliation (type of, conservative/moderate/liberal)
  • History with various approaches to relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness (including number of techniques, experience with combinations of techniques, time practiced, duration of session, etc.)
  • Relaxation and Stress States associated with a recently practiced technique
  • General Relaxation and Stress State dispositions
  • Irrational and Distorted Beliefs
  • Job Stress Symptoms
A variety of questions (dissertations, publications) are possible, including:
  • What Relaxation and Stress States are associated with different approaches to relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness?
  • What is the relationship between religion, spirituality and relaxation/stress?
  • What practice variables (length of practice, group vs. individual, combination techniques vs. single technique) are associated with relaxation outcomes?
  • What is the factor structure of relaxation and meditation states?
  • What is the relationship between job stress and relaxation?
  • What is the relationship between mindfulness experiences and relaxation?
  • What is the relationship between specific irrational beliefs and other stress and relaxation variables?
Comprehensive R-State Mapping of Relaxation, Meditation, and Mindfulness Techniques

Objectives: Stress Institute research has determined that different approaches to relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness have different psychological effects. In this project we developing a comprehensive map of relaxation states (R-States) associated with such techniques as hatha yoga, progressive muscle relaxation, prana yoga, breathing exercises, autogenic training, imagery, meditation, mindfulness, and portable biofeedback-assisted relaxation.
Procedure: The study involves giving the Smith Relaxation States Inventory - 3 (See "Relaxation Reinforcements Project" under INVENTORIES) before and after a session of relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness. We are looking both at techniques taught at the Roosevelt University Stress Institute and approaches taught elsewhere. Relaxation trainers and researchers are invited to participate in this project. Contact: Jonathan C. Smith, PhD jsmith@roosevelt.edu

OPEN ONGOING PROJECTS
  • Predicting preferences for relaxation using two methods. If you have read the Roosevelt University Stress Institute web site (www.roosevelt.edu/stress), you know that the many approaches to relaxation available to health professionals can be organized into six families: yoga stretching, progressive muscle relaxation, breathing exercises, imagery, and meditation / mindfulness. These approaches work differently and have different effects for different people. It would be a great advantage if practitioners, trainers, and therpists could easily determine in one or two sessions which family of relaxation is best, and which to avoid. We are trying out two prediction methods: a questionnaire, and a 30-minute CD audio sample combining all six families. This long-term study involves giving participants the questionnaire, and having them try the CD for three times. Then we formally train them in relaxation and determine if we can predict the success of training based on responses to the questionnaire and CD audio sample.

  • Comparing the effects of different types of relaxation / meditation. Different approaches to relaxation have different effects. In an ongoing research project we are comparing five-week training for each of the six families of relaxation.

  • Preparing for meditation or mindfulness training. Traditionally, meditation and mindfulness exercises have been taught alone with minimal preparation (before session-warmup exercises), or with yoga stretching or breathing as pre-session preparation. We are comparing the effectiveness of various pre-session warmup exercises, specifically progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic training, breathing, and yoga stretching.

  • The effects of combination vs. single-technique training. The Stress Institute favors teaching blended combinations of relaxation exercises (example: progressive muscle relaxation + breathing + some stretching + imagery + some autogenic suggestion) rathern than one approach alone (just progressive muscle relaxation). In this research we would like to compare the relative effects of combination vs. single-technique approaches.

  • R-States and relaxation dropouts vs. continuers. Most people who master a relaxation technique quit. I hypothesize people who quit do so because they have not found relaxation to be reinforcing. I also hypothesize that R-states are among the best immediate reinforcers for relaxation. RU Student researchers have found that relaxtion practitioners report positive changes in R-states weeks before reductions in stress. In this study, teach any form of relaxation. Practitioners fill out the Smith Relaxation States Questionnaire (measures R-State) every time they practice. After three months, correlate regularity of practice, as well as those who quit vs. continue, with R-States that emerge in practice. Simple study. Could be done by simply handing out CDs of techniques.

  • ESP and Critical Thinking. Correlate scores on the widely used Pickover ESP Test (see end of this web page and take the test for yourself) and critical thinking
CLICK HERE FOR INVENTORY LIBRARY!


RECENT BOOKS AND CDs BY DR. SMITH
  • Relaxation CDs for the general public, clients,students, and professionals
  • Self-help books for the general public, students, and clients
  • Professional Manuals
  • How to run a stress workshop instructional manual
  • Relaxation voice training CD/manual for professionals

    CLICK HERE
THE ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY STRESS INSTITUTE
How to Get a Certificate in Relaxation, Meditation, and Mindfulness

NEWS ITEM
ROOSEVELT PSYC STUDENTS BECOME
FIRST-TIME AUTHORS THROUGH THE STRESS INSTITUTE


    NEW STUDENT AUTHORS

    Allen, Dan (I/O)
    Anderson, John
    Anderson, Katheryn
    Aria, Les
    Bowers, Rachael
    Byers, Kristie
    Cucci, Louis
    Darner, Renee. M.
    Dumitrescu, Claudiu
    Fagerman, Elizabeth
    Gaff, Jonathan
    Goc, Natalie
    Ghonchec, S.
    Gillani, Louri.
    Goldner, Corie
    Gonzales, Raphael
    Holmes, Robert
    Hughes, Regina
    Jackson, LuElla
    Joyce, Carol A
    Karmin, Arron
    Kinzer, David
    Koliyoto, C.
    Lewis, Jacquie
    Matsumoto, Mia.
    Mui, Pearson
    McDuffie, Steve
    Piiparinin, Richard
    Rausch, Carol
    Rice, Steve
    Ritchie, Tim
    Segin, Carol
    Seidel, Jim
    Sheridan, Mary
    Siebert, Jim
    Sohnle, Steve
    Sonobe, Yoshie
    Sparks, Stacey
    Wasik, Mark
    Wedell, Ann
    Williams, Julian

    STUDENT PUBLICATIONS

    Piiparinin, R. A. And Smith, J. C. (2005). Stress symptoms and the terrorist attacks of 9/11/01: One year after. Perceptual and Motor Skills

    Anderson, K. P. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised and relaxation states during ones preferred relaxation activity. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 138-142

    Smith, J. C. And Joyce, C. A. (2004). Mozart versus New Age music: Relaxation states, stress, and ABC relaxation theory. Journal of Music Therapy. 41 215-224.

    Smith, J. C. And Piiparinin, R. A. (2003). Stress symptoms of two groups before and after the terrorist attacks of 9/11/01. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 97, 360-364

    Bowers, R., Darner, R. M., Goldner, C. L., Sohnle, S. (2001). Gender differences for recalled relaxation states, dispositions, beliefs, and benefits. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 111-114

    Ghonchec , S. and Smith, J. C. (2004). Progressive muscle relaxation, yoga stretching, and ABC relaxation theory. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60, 131-136

    McDuffie, S. R. (2001). Race, gender, and ABC relaxation theory. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 117-121.

    Matsumoto, M. & Smith, J. C. (2001). Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Breathing, and ABC relaxation. Journal of Clinical Psychology.

    Gaff, J. L. Health status, stress and relaxation dispositions, motivations, and beliefs. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 145-149

    Gillani, N . B. & Smith, J. C. (2001). Zen meditation and ABC Relaxation Theory: An exploration of relaxation states, beliefs, dispositions, and motivations. Journal of clinical psychology, 57, 839-846.

    Hughes, R. F. (2001). The NEO Personality Inventory Revised and relaxation dispositions, motivations, and beliefs. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 126-131.

    Leslie, K. A. & Clavin, S. L. (2001). The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire recalled relaxation states in ones preferred relaxation activity. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 122-125

    Smith, J. C., Wedell, A. B., Kolotylo, C. J., Lewis, J. E., Byers, K. Y. & Segin, C. M. (2000). ABC Relaxation Theory and the factor structure of relaxation states, recalled relaxation activities, dispositions, and motivations. Psychological Reports, 86, 1201-1208.

    Smith, J. C., Amutio, A. Anderson, J. A., & Aria, L. A. (1996). Relaxation: Mapping an uncharted world. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 21 63-69.

    Smith, J. C. & Siebert, J. R. (1984). Self-reported physical stress reactions: First and second-order factors. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 9, 215-227.

    Smith, J. C. & Seidel, J. M. (1982). The factor structure of self-reported physical stress reactions. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 7, 35-47.

    Smith, J. C. & Sheridan, M. (1982). Type A (coronary-prone) behavior and self-reported physical and cognitive reactions to actual-life stressors. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 56, 545-546.

    Smith, J. C., McDuffie, S. R., Ritchie, T., Holmes, R. H. (2001) Ethnic and racial differences in relaxation states for recalled relaxation activities. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 115-116

    Smith, J. C. Y Sohnle, S. (2001). Stress, relaxation dispositions, and recalled relaxation states for one=s preferred relaxation activity. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 143-148.

    Smith, J. C. & Jackson, LuElla. (2001). Breathing exercises and relaxation states. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 202-204

    Smith, J. C., Goc, N. L., & Kinzer, D. J. (2001). Initial trial of the Smith Intercentering Inventory: Progressive muscle relaxation,versus yoga stretching versus breathing relaxation. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 212-204

    Sohnle, S. (2001) The Millon Index of Personality Styles and recalled relaxation states for ones preferred relaxation activity. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 132-142

    Sonobe, Y. (2001). Coping styles and relaxation dispositions, motivations, and beliefs. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 149-156

    Allen, D. & Ritchie, T. (2001). Oblique factor analysis applied to recalled relaxation states. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer.157-160.

    Holmes, R. C., Ritchie, T., Allen, D. (2001). The factor structure of recalled relaxation states for ones preferred relaxation activity, stress, and the effects of grouped versus random presentation of questionnaire items. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 161-164

    Mui, P. (2001). The factor structure of relaxation beliefs. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 165-166

    Ghonchec, S., Byers, K., Sparks, S. & Wasik, M. (2001). The relationship between relaxation beliefs and relaxation dispositions, motivations, and recalled states for ones preferred relaxation activity. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 176-179

    Lewis, Jacquie (2001). Recalled relaxation states and preferred relaxation activities. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 190-192

    Rice, S. Cucci, L., Williams, J. (2001). Practice variables as predictors of stress and relaxation dispositions for yoga and meditation. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 193-196

    Gonzales, R. (2001). ABC relaxation training as a treatment for depression for Puerto Rican elderly. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer.209-211

    Goc, N., L, Fagerman, E. K., Dumitrescu, Kinzer, D. (2001). Test-retest reliability of the Smith Relaxation Inventory Series. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 251-217

    Smith, J. C., Karmin, A. D. (2002). Idiosyncratic reality claims, relaxation dispositions, and ABC relation theory: Happiness, Literal Christianity, miraculous powers, metaphysics, and the paranormal. Perceptual & Motor Skills. 95(3,Pt2), 1119-1128.




    DR. SMITH'S VITA

    CURRENT POSITION

    Rank: Distinguished Professor (Full)
    Discipline: School: Psychology

    EDUCATION

    BA, Psychology, Oberlin College, 1968
    Ph.D., Psychology; Michigan State University, 1975
    Licensed Clinical Psychologist (Illinois)

    ACADEMIC POSITIONS

    Faculty at Roosevelt University, 1975-present

    COURSES TAUGHT

    General Psychology
    Abnormal Psychology
    Tests and Measurements
    Personality
    Coping with Stress (developed)
    Advanced Clinical Psychology
    Behavioral Medicine (developed)
    Basic Relaxation Skills (developed)
    Basic Active Coping (developed)
    Stress Theory and Research (developed)

    CURRENT COURSES

    Coping with Stress
    Relaxation and Meditation (graduate course)
    Pseudoscience and the Paranormal
    Doctoral Project Seminar


    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    PUBLICATIONS (34 articles; 14 books)

    Articles and Chapters

    Smith, J. C , Rausch, S, & Jenks Kettmann, J. D. (2004). Factor structure of the Smith Irrational Beliefs Inventory. Psychological Reports, 95, 696-704.

    Smith, J. C. And Joyce, C. A. (2004). Mozart versus New Age music: Relaxation states, stress, and ABC relaxation theory. Journal of Music Therapy. 41 215-224.

    Smith, J. C. (2004). Alternations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation: Three caveats. Psychosomatic Medicine. 66, 14888-152

    Smith, J. C. (2003) Advances in ABC Relaxation: Applications and Inventories: Discussion. Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books. 48, 74-76. (a reply to a review)

    Smith, J. C. And Piiparinin, R. A. (2003). Stress symptoms of two groups before and after the terrorist attacks of 9/11/01. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 97, 360-364

    Smith, J. C. (1995). Relaxation. Encyclopedia of Psychology. New York: Academic Press

    Smith, J. C. (1993). New perspectives on meditation. In J. West (Ed.) Meditation research. London: Oxford University Press

    Smith, J. C. (1988). Steps toward a cognitive-behavioral model of relaxation. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 13, 307-329.

    Smith, J. C. (1987). Meditation as psychotherapy: A new look at the evidence. In M. West (Ed.), The Psychology of Meditation. London: Oxford University Press.

    Smith, J. C. (1986). Meditation, biofeedback, and the relaxation controversy: A cognitive-behavioral perspective. American psychologist, 9, 1007-1008.

    Smith, J. C. (1986, April). Warning: Stress management can be hazardous to your health. Training Today: The Magazine of the Illinois Training and Development Association. pp. 8-9.

    Smith, J. C. (1984). Meditation research: Three observations on the state of the art. In D. H. Shapiro & R. N. Walsh (Eds.), Meditation: Classic and contemporary perspectives. New York: Aldine.

    Smith, J. C. (1978). Personality correlates of continuation and outcome in meditation and erect sitting control treatments. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 272-279.

    Smith, J. C. (1977). Yoga and stress. In S. Ajaya (Ed.), Meditational therapy. Glenview, IL: Himalayan International Institute of Yoga Science & Philosophy of the USA.

    Smith, J. C. (1975). Meditation as psychotherapy: A review of the literature. Psychological Bulletin, 82, 558-564.

    Smith, J. C. (1975). Psychotherapeutic effects of transcendental meditation with controls for expectation of relief and daily sitting. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 44, 633-637.

    Smith, J. C., Wedell, A. B., Kolotylo, C. J., Lewis, J. E., Byers, K. Y. & Segin, C. M. (2000). ABC Relaxation Theory and the factor structure of relaxation states, recalled relaxation activities, dispositions, and motivations. Psychological Reports, 86, 1201-1208.

    Smith, J. C., Amutio, A. Anderson, J. A., & Aria, L. A. (1996). Relaxation: Mapping an uncharted world. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 21 63-69.

    Smith, J. C. & Siebert, J. R. (1984). Self-reported physical stress reactions: First and second-order factors. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 9, 215-227.

    Smith, J. C. & Seidel, J. M. (1982). The factor structure of self-reported physical stress reactions. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 7, 35-47.

    Smith, J. C. & Sheridan, M. (1982). Type A (coronary-prone) behavior and self-reported physical and cognitive reactions to actual-life stressors. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 56, 545-546.


    Articles and Chapters: Second Author

    Piiparinin, R. A. And Smith, J. C. (in press). Stress symptoms and the terrorist attacks of 9/11/01: One year after. Perceptual and Motor Skills

    Ghonchec, S. and Smith, J. C. (2004). Progressive muscle relaxation, yoga stretching, and ABC relaxation theory. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60, 131-136

    Matsumoto, M. & Smith, J. C. (2001). Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Breathing, and ABC relaxation. Journal of Clinical Psychology.

    Gillani, N . B. & Smith, J. C. (2001). Zen meditation and ABC Relaxation Theory: An exploration of relaxation states, beliefs, dispositions, and motivations. Journal of clinical psychology, 57, 839-846.

    Khasky, A. D. & Smith, J. C. (1999). Stress, relaxation statets, and creativity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 88, 409-416.

    Weinstein, M. & Smith, J. C. (1986). Isometric squeeze relaxation and meditation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 60, 332-345.


    First / Second Author in Advances in ABC Relaxation

    Smith, J. C. (2001). The factor structure and correlates of negative relaxation attitudes. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 67-171.

    Smith, J. C. (2001). The factor structure and correlates of claimed relaxation benefits. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 172-175

    Smith, J. C. (2001). ABC Relaxation Theory and yoga, meditation, and prayer: Relaxation dispositions, motivations, beliefs, and practice patterns. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 197-201.

    Smith, J. C., McDuffie, S. R., Ritchie, T., Holmes, R. H. (2001) Ethnic and racial differences in relaxation states for recalled relaxation activities. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 115-116

    Smith, J. C. Y Sohnle, S. (2001). Stress, relaxation dispositions, and recalled relaxation states for one's preferred relaxation activity. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 143-148.

    Smith, J. C. & Jackson, LuElla. (2001). Breathing exercises and relaxation states. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 202-204

    Smith, J. C., Goc, N. L., & Kinzer, D. J. (2001). Initial trial of the Smith Intercentering Inventory: Progressive muscle relaxation,versus yoga stretching versus breathing relaxation. In J. C. Smith (Ed). Advances in ABC Relaxation Training. New York: Springer. 212-204


    Books

    Smith, J. C. (2005). Relaxation, meditation & mindfulness: A self-instruction manual. Lulu Press.

    Smith, J .C. (2004). The Stress Management Companion. New York: Lulu press.

    Smith, J. C. (2002) Stress Management: A comprehensive handbook of techniques and strategies.. New York: Springer

    Smith, J. C. (2001) Advances in ABC Relaxation: Applications and inventories. New York: Springer.

    Smith, J. C. (1999) ABC relaxation theory: An evidence-based approach. New York: Springer.

    Smith, J. C. (1999) ABC relaxation training: A guide for health professionals. New York: Springer (Also published in Spanish)

    Smith, J. C. (1993). Creative stress management. New York: Prentice Hall

    Smith, J. C. (1993). Understanding stress and coping. New York: Macmillan

    Smith, J. C. (1991). Spiritual living in a skeptical age. New York: Insight/Plenum Publishers.

    Smith, J. C. (1991). Stress scripting: A guide to stress management. New York: Praeger.

    Smith, J. C. (1990). Cognitive-behavioral relaxation training: A new system of strategies for treatment and assessment. New York: Springer Publishing Company. (This book as been published in Spanish)

    Smith, J. C. (1989). Relaxation dynamics: A cognitive-behavioral approach to relaxation. Champaign, IL: Research Press.

    Smith, J. C. (1986). Meditation: A sensible guide to a timeless discipline. Champaign, IL: Research Press.

    Smith, J .C. (1985). Relaxation dynamics: Nine world approaches to self-relaxation. Champaign, IL: Research Press.







    TALLY OF QUESTIONNAIRES RETURNED
    (NOTE: Randomly select your technique, except when you see that one approach listed below is getting too few or too many inventories. Then select or skip that approach)

    As of 12-2-05

    27--YOGAFORM STRETCHING
    16--PMR
    09--BREATHING
    38--AUTOGENIC TRAINING
    00--IMAGERY
    19--MEDITATION
    21--MINDFULNESS
    00--SAMPLER
    00--CONTROL


Links
Publications by Dr. Smith (http://www.lulu.com/stress)
Smith Bookstore (http://drsmith.deltalprinting.com)
Roosevelt University
Chicago
 430 S. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL 60605
Schaumburg  1400 N. Roosevelt Blvd, Schaumburg, IL 60173